A wannan shafi

Gabatarwa
1. Za ku iya hako dogo na dogo? - Hanya madaidaiciya
2. Wane Daraja Na Karfe Ne Hanyar Railway?
3. Shin Ba doka ba ne a sanya abubuwa a kan titin jirgin kasa?
4. Za ku iya hakowa cikin layin dogo?
5. Mafi kyawun Haɓaka Rarraba don Haɗa & Kari
Kammalawa
Magana

Za ku iya hako Railroad Rail? - Cikakken Jagoran Tsaro & Fasaha

Hakowa cikin abubuwan haɗin layin dogo - ko layin dogo, dauraye, kogi, ko tsarin ƙarfe kusa da - shine aikin kulawa na gama gari, amma wanda ke buƙatar daidaito, kayan aikin da suka dace, da tsananin kiyaye aminci da ƙa'idodin doka. An yi shi ba daidai ba, yana iya ɓata mutuncin tsarin ko ma keta dokar tarayya. A cikin wannan jagorar, mun rushe kimiyya, fasaha, da ƙa'idodi da ke bayan abubuwan haƙon layin dogo - don ku iya yin shi lafiya, bisa doka, da kuma yadda ya kamata.

1. Za ku iya hako dogo na dogo? - Hanya madaidaiciya

Yin hakowa ta hanyar titin jirgin kasa aiki ne na musamman da aka saba yi a lokacin kulawa ko ayyukan gini. Yana buƙatar amfani da na'ura mai nauyi{1} da kuma bin ƙa'idodin aminci. Tsarin ya ƙunshi:

Yin Alama wurin Drill: Ana ɗaukar ma'auni daidai don tabbatar da rami a cikin matsayi daidai. Kuskure na iya haifar da damuwa da gazawar jirgin ƙasa da wuri.
Amfani da Kayan aiki na Musamman: Jirgin jirgin ƙasa, wanda aka tsara musamman don wannan dalili, yana da mahimmanci. Waɗannan darajojin suna ɗaukar matsananciyar kauri da taurin ƙarfen dogo - sau da yawa fiye da 350 HB (Brinell Hardness).
Sanyaya da Lubrication: Babban zafi da ake samu yayin hakowa na iya shafe karfe ko dusar ƙanƙara. Tsarin sanyaya (sau da yawa mai - tushen ko roba) wajibi ne don adana abubuwan ƙarfe. Ƙara koyo dagaASM International's Machining Data Handbook.
Buga{0}}Binciken hakowa: Bayan hakowa, dole ne a duba layin dogo na gani kuma a duba ta ultrasonically don ƙananan fashe ko nakasa. TheHukumar Kula da Jirgin Kasa ta Amurka (FRA)ya wajabta wannan ga duk layin dogo na Class I.

2. Wane Daraja Na Karfe Ne Hanyar Railway?

Ana yin waƙoƙin titin jirgin ƙasa daga takamaiman nau'in ƙarfe wanda aka sani da ƙarfe na dogo - wanda aka ƙera shi don tsayin daka a ƙarƙashin hawan keke. Maki gama gari sun haɗa da:

AISI 1085: Babban -karfe na carbon (~0.85% C) yana ba da kyakkyawan juriya da tauri. Mafi dacewa don layukan jigilar kaya masu nauyi-.
Saukewa: UIC60: Madaidaicin bayanin layin dogo na Turai da ƙimar ƙarfe, sananne don daidaiton ƙarfi, tauri, da juriya ga gajiyar lamba.

An zaɓi waɗannan maki don jure nauyin axle sama da ton 30 da miliyoyin zagayowar damuwa. Don ƙayyadaddun bayanai, koma zuwaISO 500 -1:{1}} Aikace-aikacen layin dogo - Rails.

3. Shin Ba doka ba ne a sanya abubuwa a kan titin jirgin kasa?

Ee {0} ɗora abubuwa akan titin jirgin ƙasa haramun ne a kusan kowane yanki. Wannan ya haɗa da tsabar kudi, abubuwa na sirri, ko kayan aikin hakowa mara izini. Me yasa?

Yana alaifin tarayyaƘarƙashin lambar US Title 49, wanda FRA ta tilasta.
Yana barazana ga ma'aikatan jirgin kasa, fasinjoji, da jama'a.
Yana iya haifar da lalacewa, asarar miliyoyin da kuma jefa rayuka cikin haɗari.

TheHukumar Tsaro ta Sufuri ta Kasa (NTSB)yana bincikar duk abubuwan da suka faru na ɓarna. Koyaushe daidaita tare da hukumomin layin dogo kafin kowane aiki kusa da layukan aiki.

4. Za ku iya hakowa cikin layin dogo?

Ee {0} amma fasaha yana da mahimmanci. Rail ɗin ƙarfe kusa da waƙoƙi (misali, shingen dandamali, ɓangarorin sigina) galibi ana yin su daga aluminum, ƙaramin ƙarfe, ko ƙarfe na ƙarfe. Don yin rawar jiki lafiya:

Zaɓi Bitar Drill Dama: Yi amfani da HSS (High{0}}Speed Steel) ko carbide{1}}aramin tipped. Don bakin karfe, yi amfani da cobalt{3}}alloy bits.
Tabbatar da Rail din: Manne ko takalmin gyaran kafa na aikin - girgiza na iya haifar da zamewa ko rauni.
Aiwatar da Matsi Haske: Fara a ƙananan RPM, ƙara saurin sauri. Bari ɗan yanke - kar a tilasta shi. Yin zafi zai iya lalata fushi. Don mafi kyawun ayyuka, dubaJagororin dakin gwaje-gwajen Injiniya na NIST.

5. Mafi kyawun Haɓaka Rarraba don Haɗa & Kari

Dangantakar Titin Jirgin Kasa (Masu Barci):

Dangantakar katako: Standard twist drill bits (HSS) yana aiki lafiya. Yi amfani da brad - ramukan maki don mafi tsaftataccen ramuka.
Kankare Dangantaka: Yi amfani da SDS{0}}da masonry bits ko lu'u-lu'u{1}} ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa. Ana ba da shawarar sanyaya ruwa don rage ƙura da raguwa.

Titin jirgin kasa:

Abubuwan karan-tsaye suna -taurara - masu tauri sosai a saman.
Amfaniƙwaƙƙwaran ƙananan ƙwayoyin carbide{0}tare da hakowa peck da yankan ruwa.
Koyaushe manne karu amintacce. Don ƙa'idodin zaɓin kayan aiki, tuntuɓiANSI B94.11M - Matsayin Drill Bit.

Kammalawa

Haƙa abubuwan haɗin ginin layin dogo - dogo, layuka, tudu, ko dogo - ba aikin DIY bane. Yana buƙatar sanin kayan aiki, kayan aiki masu dacewa, dabarun sanyaya, kuma sama da duka, bin doka. Ko kai ma'aikacin kula da waƙa ne ko ɗan kwangila, bin waɗannan jagororin guda biyar yana tabbatar da aminci, dawwama na ababen more rayuwa, da riko da ƙa'idodin injiniya na duniya. Kar a taɓa yin sulhu akan daidaito ko ƙa'idar - rayuka da ababen more rayuwa sun dogara da ita.